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What is the reason for the responsiveness of the agricultural machinery scrapping renewal subsidy policy?
[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] China's agricultural machinery industry has gone through a golden decade, the output scale has quadrupled from a decade ago, the agricultural machinery holdings are also growing at a high speed, and the number of old agricultural machinery that needs to be scrapped is also increasing year by year. Climbing up, the "old" feelings that farmers can't afford to leave, not only have potential safety hazards for agricultural machinery operators, but also cause great pollution to the environment.
In 2012, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance and other departments began piloting agricultural machinery scrapping subsidies in 11 provinces (cities, districts) including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Henan, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and Heilongjiang Provincial Agricultural Reclamation Bureau. In 2015, the pilot area was expanded to 17. In 2016, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Finance continued to carry out pilot work on subsidies for the abolition of agricultural machinery in 17 provinces (cities, districts), and the provinces that have not yet carried out the pilots can decide whether to carry out. How is the implementation of the agricultural machinery scrapping renewal subsidy in 2016? The author conducted an interview.
What is the reason for the responsiveness of the agricultural machinery scrapping renewal subsidy policy?
Achievements and difficulties in the implementation process
A large part of the peasants in China have “old†feelings, and accepting new things requires a process. There are a lot of agricultural machinery that needs to be scrapped. In the eyes of the peasants, it is still a treasure. As long as the old tractors can still drive on the road, the farmers will not be willing to scrap the old machines for new machines. “In the past, when we were on a business trip to the countryside, we often saw some old agricultural machinery in the peasant’s home. Most of the tractors were used. As long as they could be launched, the farmers would continue to use them occasionally.†Quality Management Office of Hubei Agricultural Machinery Bureau Qin Jianwei said that Hubei Province was included in the implementation scope of the scrap subsidy pilot in 2015. In the identification of scrapped machinery, the relationship between the convenience of the people and the standard subsidies was emphasized, and it was impossible to “consume the people†to “do itâ€. It is also impossible to "regulate" to the point where "the abandoned agricultural machinery does not have a license."
Judging from the interviews, due to historical reasons, there are a large number of machines that are urgently needed to be scrapped, which are unlicensed and unlicensed agricultural machinery. In 2015, in order to solve the problem of scrapping unlicensed and unlicensed equipment, the Hubei Provincial Agricultural Machinery Bureau decided that as long as the village committee issued a certificate, it could enjoy subsidies in the trade-in, which effectively promoted the implementation progress of the subsidy renewal subsidy. In 2016, On the basis of innovation, we will continue to adjust and limit the waste machinery and equipment with a scrap subsidy of less than 5,000 yuan, which can be proved by the village committee. This has basically curbed the inflow of waste machinery from other provinces and saved valuable time for farmers. “The agricultural machinery scrapping update and recycling unit shall not be the agricultural machinery maintenance point attached to the agricultural machinery distribution enterpriseâ€. The effect of this regulation is also very significant, which not only eliminates the contradiction between the competition between the recycling point and the dealer without the recycling point, but also blocks the distribution. The company intervened in the subsidies for the retirement of agricultural machinery, and even participated in the phenomenon of recycling and reselling used machinery. It was also because dealers were not familiar with the scrap iron market, and the loss of dealers was reduced in the current situation of scrap iron prices, which is a three-pronged one.
It is reported that Shandong Province has implemented subsidies for scrapping and renewing subsidies for many years. As a major agricultural machinery province, there are some scenarios for purchasing subsidies. In the Shandong province, the scrap machine can be preferentially enjoyed to purchase new machine subsidies. It is different from some areas in that it is necessary to draw lots and shake numbers. In addition, the number of updated places is limited, so it is relatively smooth. Since the implementation of the five years, the province has scrapped 62,000 agricultural machinery and equipment, completed nearly 600 million yuan in scrapping and renewing funds, and benefited more than 60,000 farmers.
Of course, there are also some factors that restrict the smooth implementation of the scrap renewal subsidy work. A staff member who asked not to be named said that the supervision function of the supervision organization has increased, and the staffing has not increased, resulting in a large workload, too busy, and scrapped and updated. The point of sale and the point of collection are integrated, which increases the difficulty of supervision. In addition, individual local agricultural machinery dealers misinterpreted and selectively publicized the subsidies for the retirement of agricultural machinery, which seriously interfered with the local subsidy order.
Old agricultural machinery security risks
As time goes by, many agricultural machinery and equipment have entered the time that should be scrapped. Inappropriate maintenance, as well as wear and aging during operation, deteriorate the mechanical and technical conditions. In this case, it is easy to cause a safety accident when continued to use. “Old agricultural machinery has unqualified emission standards. For example, some tractors that do not meet the current emission standards are usually black smoke, which is extremely environmentally unfriendly. Lagging equipment makes farmers’ work inefficient and reduces farmers’ economic benefits. It also affected the development of agricultural machinery." Qin Jianyu told the author.
"Old agricultural machinery has the disadvantages of reduced power and insufficient power, which not only affects normal operations, but also causes energy waste. Moreover, there are aging lines and burnt-out conditions, which can cause fires in severe cases. Aging agricultural machinery is prone to machine failure and high maintenance costs. This has added a lot of unnecessary expenditures to farmers. Excessive use of old agricultural machinery is a manifestation of irresponsibility for their own safety," said Lu Lizhong, captain of the Jiangsu Yancheng Agricultural Machinery Safety Inspection Team.
Getting farmers to benefit is the key
The amount of subsidy for scrapping renewal is too low, and farmers are not willing to scrap. This is one of the reasons why farmers' response is not too high. If the subsidy for a mechanical scrap update is only 500-1000 yuan higher than the scrap steel recycling market, for farmers, it is better to be able to drive than to sell scrap iron, preferring to idle old equipment at home and not willing to scrap. . Lu Lizhong believes that it is possible to use economic leverage and market-based means to give farmers a certain price subsidy higher than waste recycling, and guide farmers to directly scrap their machinery. The scrap renewal subsidy can be adjusted and refined according to the actual situation of each place, from the scope of subsidies, scrapping standards, “bundling†implementation regulations for scrapping and updating, and recycling.
The successful experience of Shandong Province cannot be separated from the vigorous promotion in the early stage. As this work has been carried out in the province for many years, the various systems are constantly improving. Yang Rusha, the Supervision and Management Office of Shandong Agricultural Machinery Bureau, told the author, “Compared with the beginning, it is now more and more convenient. The pilots have also determined that a farm recycling enterprise will engage in agricultural machinery recycling and dismantling during the pilot period according to the stipulated conditions. The introduction of market competition mechanism has effectively improved the recycling price of the old machine's residual value, so that the masses have achieved tangible benefits, and it has also facilitated the farmers to sell old machines on the spot, and truly realized the benefits of farmers. The main reason is that we continue to simplify the operating procedures, so more and more people choose to scrap the updates."
In addition to policy support, farmers also need to be responsible for their own safety, eliminate the luck of luck, take the initiative to scrap the agricultural machinery, and the agricultural machinery that should be scrapped can be launched and can no longer be used. Strengthen your own safety awareness, don't wait for an accident to see the seriousness of the matter. We are also pleasantly surprised to see that many farmers are now becoming more and more aware of their cooperation. They have set up professional cooperatives to get rich together. The development of cooperatives requires constant injection of fresh blood. The purchase of new machines and the optimization of equipment structure will naturally lead to the scrapping speed of old machines. It will speed up and form a good situation for the voluntary retirement of agricultural machinery.